When we look back at history, it's interesting to note that lead-acid batteries of the past seemed to last longer than today's batteries. This leads one to wonder, what is the reason for this difference?
1. Differences in material construction
First of all, our country needs to understand the basic structure of lead-acid batteries. It consists of positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte system. The positive electrode material is usually made of lead dioxide,ESS battery machine while the negative electrode is made of pure lead. The electrolyte is a sulfuric acid standard solution.
During the charging and discharging process, a chemical reaction occurs between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, causing electrons Solid-state batteries to flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, thereby generating electric current.
However, there are some differences in the material structure between lead-acid batteries and modern lead-acid batteries.sodium ion battery Previous batteries typically contained more lead in the positive electrode, which gave them higher energy density and longer life.
Modern batteries can replace some of the lead with other materials, reducing manufacturing costs. While these alternative materials can improve certain battery properties, such as charging and discharging speeds, they can also lead to a reduction in the overall battery life.
2. Effect of cadmium element
The use of cadmium is another very important economic factor that affects the service life of lead-acid batteries in our country. In previous lead-acid batteries, cadmium was added to the negative plate to improve battery performance and life. The main function of cadmium is to prevent the negative plate from excessive expansion and contraction during charging and discharging, thereby reducing damage and shortening the life of a battery.
The addition of cadmium can also improve the battery's resistance to sulfide. During the use of the battery, the lead dioxide on the positive plate will gradually react with the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte to form lead sulfate.
This development process will cause the capacity of the battery system to decrease, thereby affecting the service life of the battery. The addition of cadmium can effectively inhibit the occurrence of this sulfurization reaction, thereby extending the service life of the battery.
However, due to its environmental pollution and potential harm to human health, many countries have restricted or banned the use of cadmium in batteries. As a result, modern lead-acid batteries typically no longer use cadmium, instead using other materials or technologies to improve battery performance.
While these alternatives can improve battery performance to some extent, they may not achieve the lifespan of lead-acid batteries using cadmium.
Looking back, we can see that lead-acid batteries of the past were more durable than they are today, primarily due to different materials and cadmium use. Previous batteries used more high-performance materials and cadmium to improve battery performance and life, while modern batteries focus more on reducing costs and improving certain properties.
This also reminds us that in future battery development, we need to pay more attention to balancing the relationship between various performance requirements and costs to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly battery solutions.
